中考英语

Kate asks her father to stop smoking.

凯特让她的父亲戒烟。

ask (sb) for sth:

Now I am writing to ask you for help.

我现在写信请你帮忙。

agree同意；赞同

agree to do sth:

Mum and Dad have agreed to have a party at home.

妈妈和爸爸已经同意在家里举办一次聚会。

● agree on 对……达成一致

● agree to 赞同；赞成

● agree with 同意；赞同

B

begin(began, begun)开始；开始进行；开始出现

begin doing / to do sth:

Bill began learning / to learn to play the piano at the age of five.

比尔五岁时开始学习弹钢琴。

● to begin with 首先；第一

believe 相信

it is believed + (that) 从句：

It is believed that the Internet has both advantages and disadvantages.

人们认为互联网有利也有弊。

believe ... to be sth:

She was believed to be the first H7N9 patient in China.

她被认为是中国首例H7N9患者。

● believe in sb / sth 信任某人 / 相信某事物的存在

● believe it or not 信不信由你

borrow 借；借入

borrow sth from sb:

I borrowed some interesting books from my friend.

我从朋友那里借了一些有趣的书。

break(broke, broken) 破碎，坏掉，打破，违反

● break away (from) 离开 (……)；脱离 (……)

● break down (汽车、机器等) 出故障；垮掉；打破；消除；分解

● break into 强行闯入；突然……起来

● break off (使) 折断；中断

● break out (火灾、战争等) 爆发

● break up (使) 破碎；(使) 破裂

bring带来；拿来

bring sb / sth with sb:

Don’t forget to bring an umbrella with you.

别忘了随身带把伞。

bring sb sth / bring sth for sb：

Sports can bring us friends. / Sports can bring friends for us.

体育运动能让我们交到朋友。

bring sb / sth to sth / sb:

Can I bring a friend to your birthday party?

我能带个朋友去参加你的生日聚会吗？

● bring about 引起；造成

● bring along 带来；带上

● bring back 把…带回来；使回忆起；使恢复

● bring in 引入；赚得

● bring out 把……拿出来；使表现出

● bring up 抚养；养育；提出 (供讨论等)

buy(bought, bought)买；购买

buy sb sth：

I must buy myself a new sweater.

我必须给自己买件新毛衣。

buy sth for sb / sth：

I want to buy a red rose for my mother.

我想给我妈妈买一枝红玫瑰。

C

call 打电话；命名

● call back 回电话

● call off 取消

● call on / upon 号召；要求

● call up 打电话给

care 在意；关心

care about sth：

As a student, it’s very important to care about what we do in public.

作为一名学生，注意我们在公共场合的行为很重要。

care about sb：

He taught me to care about other people.

他教我关心别人。

● care for 照顾；照料

catch(caught, caught)抓住；捕捉；赶上；感染上；领会

● be / get caught in 处于困境；遭遇

● catch a cold 感冒

● catch sb’s attention / eye 引起某人的注意

● catch up (with) 赶上；追上

change 改变；更换

change (from sth) to / into sth:

The traffic light has changed (from red) to green.

交通信号灯 (由红) 变绿了。

change sb / sth into / to sth:

It only takes less than 30 seconds to change a car into a plane.

把汽车变成飞机只需不到30秒钟的时间。

change sth with sb:

Can I change seats with you?

我可以和您换下座位吗？

change sb / sth (for sb / sth)：

This shirt is too small. I’ll have to change it for a bigger one.

这件衬衫太小了，我得换一件大点的。

choose(chose, chosen)选择；挑选

choose (sb) to do sth:

Half of the students choose to go to big cities.

一半的学生选择去大城市。

choose sb as / for / to be:

They chose Roy as / for / to be monitor.

他们选了罗伊当班长。

come(came, come)来；来到；到来；达到；处于

come to do sth:

Many people came to watch the birds.

许多人前来看鸟。

● come across 偶然遇到；碰见

● come along 跟着来；出现

● come back 回来

● come by 顺路拜访

● come down 下来；下降

● come down with 染上

● come from 出生于；来自；产自

● come in 进来

● come on 快点；加油

● come out 出版；发行

● come out of 从……出来

● come over 来访；拜访

● come up (to sb) 走近 (某人)；靠近 (某人)

● come up with 想出；提出

● when it comes to (doing) sth 在某方面；说到 (做) 某事

compare对比；比较

compare A to / with B 把A同B作比较：

Compared with / to Fetion, WeChat is more popular now.

与飞信相比，现在微信更受欢迎。

consider 考虑；认为

consider doing sth:

Have you ever considered studying abroad?

你考虑过出国留学吗？

consider sb / sth (as / to be) sb /sth / adj :

He is considered (to be) one of the greatest writers in American history.

他被认为是美国历史上最伟大的作家之一。

consider it + adj / n + to do sth:

Arabs consider it very bad manners to eat with left hands.

阿拉伯人认为用左手吃饭很不礼貌。

continue继续；持续；延续

continue doing / to do sth:

If we continue making too much rubbish, the problem will only get worse.

如果我们继续制造太多的垃圾，问题只会变得更严重。

She continued to work after her long vacation.

长假过后她又继续工作了。

cost(cost, cost)价钱为；(使) 花费

cost (sb) sth:

The dictionary didn’t cost me much money.

这本字典没花我很多钱。

cost sth to do sth:

It costs 20 yuan to enter the swimming pool.

进入游泳池要花费20元。

cut(cut, cut) 切；割；剪；砍；割伤；剪短；削减；减少

● cut down 砍倒；减少；缩减

● cut in line 插队

● cut off 切掉；切断

● cut out 剪下；(从文字作品、文章中)删掉；剪出

● cut up 切碎；割碎

D

decide 决定；选定

decide to do sth:

He decided to be a firefighter.

他决定当一名消防员。

● decide on / upon 决定；选定

depend 依靠；依赖；取决于

depend on依靠；依赖；由……决定；取决于

Your success depends on how hard you work at your lessons.

你的成功取决于你学习的努力程度。

It / That (all) depends. 那得看情况。

— How long are you staying? 你打算待多久？

— I don’t know. It depends. 我不知道，那得看情况。

discuss 讨论；商议

discuss sth with sb

Discuss the questions with your partner.

与你的搭档讨论这些问题。

dream(dreamed / dreamt, dreamed / dreamt) 做梦；梦想

dream about / of sb / sth:

I dreamed of / about him last night.

我昨晚梦见他了。

dream about / of (doing) sth:

He always dreamed of becoming a police officer.

他一直梦想成为一名警官。

dress(给……) 穿衣服；穿……的衣服

dress sb (in sth):

Can you dress the babies for me?

你能替我给孩子们穿衣服吗？

● get dressed 穿好衣服

● dress up (给……) 穿上盛装；(给……) 乔装打扮

E

educate 教育；教导；培养

educate sb to do sth:

The first Earth Day was celebrated in 1970 to educate us to protect our planet.

为了教育大家保护我们的星球，1970年庆祝了第一个地球日。

encourage 鼓励

encourage sb to do sth:

Mr Wang always encourages us to speak English in class.

王老师总是鼓励我们课上说英语。

enjoy 喜欢；享受

enjoy doing sth:

Kids there really enjoy playing football.

那里的孩子真的喜欢踢足球。

● enjoy oneself 过得开心；玩得愉快

expect 预料；期望；指望

expect (sb / sth) to do sth:

You can’t expect to learn a foreign language in a few months.

你不要指望在几个月内就能学会一门外语。

explain 解释

explain (sth) to sb:

The teacher kept explaining the use of the idiom to me until I understood it.

老师一直给我解释这个习语的用法，直到我弄懂为止。

explain (to sb) + wh- to do:

I can explain how to do it.

我可以解释怎么做。

● explain oneself 说明自己的意思；为自己的行为解释

F

fail 失败；不能；未能

fail to do sth:

He looks so different that they fail to recognise him.

他看上去大不一样，结果他们没认出他来。

fear 害怕；畏惧

fear to do / doing sth:

My daughter fears to speak in public.

我女儿害怕在公共场合讲话。

She fears walking alone at night.

她不敢在夜间独自行走。

feel(felt, felt) 感觉到；认为

feel sb / sth doing sth:

I felt a hand touching my shoulder.

我感到有只手在触摸我的肩膀。

feel sb / sth do sth:

I suddenly felt something brush against my arm.

我突然感觉到有东西在挠我的胳膊。

feel it ... to do sth:

I feel it necessary to tell her about it.

我认为有必要把这件事告诉她。

● feel like (doing) sth 想要某物；想做某事

● feel at home 感觉自在；无拘束

find(found, found) 找到；找回；发现；认为

find sb sth / find sth for sb:

Can you find me my bag? / Can you find my bag for me?

你能帮我找回包吗？

find sb / sth doing sth:

It is quite common to find her reading the newspaper.

人们经常看到她在读报。

find sb / sth + adj / adv / prep:

In Singapore, you’ll find a lot of food from China.

在新加坡，你会发现很多来自中国的食品。

find sth + adj / n:

I enjoy learning English and find grammar quite easy.

我喜欢学英语，并且认为语法非常简单。

find it + adj / n (to do sth):

I find it hard to speak English.

我觉得讲英语很难。

find out 查明；弄清 (情况)

① find out + wh- to do

② find out + (that) / wh-从句

finish 结束；完成

finish doing sth:

I finished cleaning the living room.

我打扫完客厅了。

fit (fitted / fit, fitted / fit) 适合

fit in (with) 适合；(与……) 合得来；适应：

I’m a new student in this school. I couldn’t fit in well.

我是这个学校的新生，还不是很适应。

force 强迫；迫使

force sb to do sth:

You cannot force him to do what he does not want to do.

你不能强迫他去做他不想做的事。

focus 集中；聚焦

focus (...) on / upon 集中 (……) 于；聚焦 (……) 于：

Please calm down and focus (your attention) on the test paper.

请平静下来，把注意力集中在试卷上。

forget (forgot, forgotten) 忘记

forget doing sth 忘记做过某事：

I forgot telling her the news.

我忘了曾告诉过她这个消息。

forget to do sth 忘记要做某事：

Don’t forget to send the emails this evening.

不要忘记今晚把电子邮件发出去。

G

get (got, got / gotten) 得到；带来；到达；变得；说服；开始；渐渐

get sb / sth doing sth:

Can you really get that old car going again?

你真能让那辆旧车再跑起来吗？

get sb / sth to do sth:

I got him to change his idea.

我说服他改变了主意。

get sth done:

I’ll go and get my hair cut.

我打算去理发。

get sth + adj :

He got his clothes wet.

他把衣服弄湿了。

get doing sth:

He got talking to a woman on the bus.

他在公共汽车上跟一位女士攀谈起来。

get to do sth:

After a while, I got to like him.

过了一会儿，我开始喜欢他了。

● get along / on (with) (与……) 相处融洽；进展

● get away (from) 离开；摆脱

● get back 回来；返回；取回

● get down (从……) 下来

● get in 进入；(飞机、火车等) 抵达

● get into 进入；陷入；养成 (习惯)

● get off 下车；脱下 (衣服等)

● get on 上车 / 马

● get out (of) (从……) 出去；离开；摆脱

● get over 越过 (墙等)；克服 (困难等)

● get through 通过；(电话) 打通

● get together 聚集；相聚一处

● get up 起床；起立

give(gave, given) 给；递给；赠予

give sb sth / give sth to sb:

I give my friends the red rose. / I give the red rose to my friends.

我把红玫瑰给我的朋友们。

give sb sth / give sth to sb:

Can you give me some advice? / Can you give some advice to me?

你能给我一些建议吗？　　　

● give a smile / shout / kiss / hug 微笑 / 大喊 / 亲吻 / 拥抱

● give a call 打个电话

● give a talk / speech 发表演讲

● give a party / concert 举办聚会 / 音乐会

● give away 送掉；赠送；泄露

● give back 归还

● give in 让步；屈服

● give off 发出 (气味、光、热等)

● give out 分发

● give up (doing sth) 放弃 (做某事)

go(went, gone) 走；做

● be going to do sth

I’m going to study science.

我打算学理科。

I think it’s going to rain.

我想，要下雨了。

● go on

What is going on here?

这里发生了什么事？

The concert went on for hours.

音乐会进行了几个小时。

① go on with sth:

He must go on with his studies.

他必须继续他的学业。

② go on doing sth:

He was too tired to go on working.

他太累了，不能继续工作。

③ go on to do sth:

After climbing the Great Wall, they went on to visit the Summer Palace.

爬完长城后，他们接着去参观了颐和园。

● go about 从事；忙于；开始做

● go after 跟随 (follow)；追赶

● go against 违反；违背

● go ahead 开始做 / 进行；[用于祈使句] 请吧；说吧；做吧

● go around / round 四处走动

● go away 走开；离开；外出

● go back (to) 回去

● go by 过去；走过

● go down 下去；下落；下降

● go for 努力获取

● go in for 参加；从事

● go off 离去；发出声响；爆炸；(机器或设备) 停止运转

● go out 出去；外出；(灯火等) 熄灭

● go over 仔细检查；温习

● go through 穿过；经历；通过；仔细检查

● go up (温度、价格等) 上升；增长

● go with 陪……一起去；与……相配

● go without 没有……也行

● go wrong 出毛病；失败

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